Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale,Maharashtra
ABOUT
CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI RAJE :
Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale as an aristocrat of the Bhosle clan led a resistance to free the Maratha people from the Sultanate of Bijapur and the Mughal Empire and established a Hindavi Swarajya ("self-rule of Hindu people").
He created an independent Maratha kingdom with Raigad as its capital. He was crowned as Chhatrapati ("sovereign") of the Maratha empire in 1674.
He established a competent and progressive civil rule with the help of a well-regulated and disciplined military and well-structured administrative organizations.
He also innovated rules of military engagement, pioneering the "Shiva sutra" or ganimi kava (guerrilla tactics), which leveraged strategic factors like geography, speed, surprise and focused pinpoint attacks to defeat his larger and more powerful enemies From a small contingent of 2,000 soldiers inherited from his father, he created a formidable force of 100,000 soldiers.
He built and restored forts located strategically inland and on seashores for secure lands and coastline. He revived ancient Hindu political tradition & court conventions, and promoted Marathi and Sanskrit in court and administration usage.
He is well known for his strong religious and warrior code of ethics and exemplary character. He was recognized as a great national hero during the Indian Independence movement.
Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale is Great Hindu Maratha.
Reign :1674–1680 CE
Coronation :6
June 1674
Successor : Sambhaji
Spouse : Sai bai
(Nimbalkar),Soyarabai
(Mohite),Putalabai
(Palkar), Laxmibai
(Vichare),Kashibai
(Jadhav)
Issue : Sambhaji-son,Rajaram-son,Sakhubai
Nimbalkar-daughter,Ranubai
Jadhav-daughter,Ambikabai
Mahadik-daughter,Deepabai-daughter,Rajkunvarbai
Shirke-daughter,Kamlabai
Palkar-daughter.
Father : Shahaji
Mother : Jijabai
Born : 19 February 1630 Shivneri
Fort, near Pune, India
Died : 3 April 1680 Raigad
Fort
Religion : Hinduism
ABOUT FATHER'S :
Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale’s father Shahaji Raje Bhosale was the leader of a band of mercenaries that serviced the Deccan Sultanates.
His mother was Jijabai, the daughter of Lakhujirao Jadhav of Sindkhed.
During the period of Shivaji's birth, the power in Deccan was shared by three Islamic sultanates – Bijapur, Ahmednagar, and Golconda. Shahaji kept changing his loyalty between the Nizamshahi of Ahmadnagar, Adil Shah of Bijapur and the Mughals, but always kept his jagir (fiefdom) at Pune and his small army with him.
Following a treaty between the Mughals and the Bijapur Sultanate, Shahaji was posted to Bangalore-based jagir, while Jijabai and Shivaji remained in Pune.
ABOUT MOTHER'S :
Chhatrapati Shivaji
Raje Bhosale was extremely devoted to his mother Jijabai, who was deeply
religious. This religious environment had a profound influence on Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale, and he carefully studied the two great Hindu epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata.
The morality and spiritual messages of the epics made a great impression on him. Throughout his life he was deeply interested in religious teachings, and sought the company of Hindu and Sufi (an esoteric Muslim sect) saints throughout his life.
Chhatrapati Shivaji
Raje Bhosale drew his earliest trusted comrades and a large number of his
soldiers from the Maval region, including Yesaji Kank, Suryaji Kakade, Baji
Pasalkar, Baji Prabhu Deshpande and Tanaji Malusare.
In the company of his Maval comrades, a young Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale wandered over the hills and forests of the Sahyadri range, hardening himself and acquiring first-hand knowledge of the land. By 1639, he commanded a hardy and loyal band of officers and soldiers.
In the company of his Maval comrades, a young Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale wandered over the hills and forests of the Sahyadri range, hardening himself and acquiring first-hand knowledge of the land. By 1639, he commanded a hardy and loyal band of officers and soldiers.
Battle of
Purander :
Meanwhile, Shivaji had petitioned Emperor Shahjahan's son, Murad Baksh, who was governor of Deccan, pledging his loyalty to the Mughals to seek his support in securing the release of his father.
The Mughals recognised Shivaji as a Mughal sardar and pressured Adilshah to release Shahaji. On 16 May 1649 Shahaji was released after Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale and Sambhaji surrendering the forts of Kondhana, Bangalore and Kandarpi.
Attack on
Shaista Khan :
Upon the request
of Badi Begum of Bijapur, Aurangzeb sent his maternal uncle (brother of late
Queen Mumtaz Mahal) Shaista Khan, with an army numbering over 150,000 citation
needed along with a powerful artillery division in January 1660 to defeat
Shivaji. Khan was accompanied by eminent commanders like Turktaj, Hussain, Haider, Naamdar Khan, Kartalab Khan, Uzbek Khan, Fateh Jung and Rajputs namely Bhau Singh, Shyam Singh, Rai Singh Sisodiya, Pradyuman and many more.Khan was an experienced commander who had defeated Chhatrapati Shahaji Raje Bhosale in the same region in 1636.
He was ordered to attack the Maratha kingdom in conjunction with Bijapur's army led by Siddi Jauhar. Aurangzeb ordered Shaista Khan to capture the Maratha kingdom to add to the empire (he intended to deceive the Adilshah), after Shivaji's expected defeat by Jauhar in Panhala fort. Shivaji now prepared to face a combined attack of Mughals and Adilshahi forces.
Coronation :
Chhatrapati Shivaji
Raje Bhosale was crowned a king in a lavish ceremony at Raigad on 6 June 1674.As
per Hindu Calendar it was on the 13th day (trayodashi) of the first fortnight
of the month of 'Jyeshtha'in the year 1596.
Gaga Bhatt officially presided over the ceremony, and had a gold vessel filled with the seven sacred waters of the rivers Yamuna, Indus, Ganges, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. He held the vessel over Shivaji's head and chanted the coronation mantras, as the water kept dripping from the several tiny holes in the vessel.
After the ablution, Shivaji bowed before Jijamata and touched her feet. Nearly fifty thousand people gathered at Raigad for the ceremonies.Shivaji was bestowed with the sacred thread jaanva, with the Vedas and was bathed in an abhisheka.
Gaga Bhatt officially presided over the ceremony, and had a gold vessel filled with the seven sacred waters of the rivers Yamuna, Indus, Ganges, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. He held the vessel over Shivaji's head and chanted the coronation mantras, as the water kept dripping from the several tiny holes in the vessel.
After the ablution, Shivaji bowed before Jijamata and touched her feet. Nearly fifty thousand people gathered at Raigad for the ceremonies.Shivaji was bestowed with the sacred thread jaanva, with the Vedas and was bathed in an abhisheka.
Shivaji then had the title of
"Shakakarta" conferred upon him, as well as assumed the title
'Kshatriya Kulavantas' meaning head of Kshatriyas. Further, he preferred
Chhatrapati title than Maharaja.
PHOTO
GALLERY :
Tags: Great Person, India
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